CLIO Proposal

What is Open-Source?

When we tell our computer to load a website or run an application, we are asking it to interpret source code that was written by a programmer, developer or designer.  Source code often consists of the largest parts of an application, yet it is the part that users rarely see.  Source code is the set of instructions that tell a computer what we need it to do and which tools to use while completing the task.

Open-source refers to application source code that is available for everyone to use, share and modify.  Open-source technologies are often created by following a guiding set of principles for nurturing a community, collaborating on source code, and keeping everything you do in clear view for everyone to see.  This is commonly known as “the open-source way”.  This mindset harkens back to the first days of modern computing and the communities of home-brew enthusiasts that created the very first personal computer systems, sharing their discoveries openly with the field.

While there are different open-source licenses, open-source code can generally be downloaded free-of-charge for personal and commercial uses, as well as modified based on your specific needs.  If this code implements a useful change, improves an existing feature, or corrects a coding error, the original developers may even ask to integrate the changes you’ve made into their project.  Depending on the license, you may even be able to re-upload the software as a ‘fork’, allowing you to resurrect an otherwise abandoned or unsupported project.

These types of technology are an important part of the development ecosystem.  They allow for the creation of larger and farther reaching projects by allowing developers to integrate pre-existing open-source toolkits and libraries, instead of  dedicating hours to recreating functionality.  Open-source technologies often foster vast communities of developers, users and even entire organizations that dedicate their time and resources to improving the project.  This code is available for anyone to inspect, allowing communities to clearly see what the code is doing, thus ensuring the safety, security and intended function of the program for everyone.

What is CLIO?

With the increasing prevalence and availability of open-source technologies, museums have been provided with a plethora of low-cost tools to enhance exhibitions and educational programming at their institutions. While there are tools developed to tackle the digital interactive needs of museums, they often require extensive knowledge of coding to fully utilize.  We aim to rectify this with the creation of CLIO, an open-source toolkit for the creation of digital exhibit kiosks.

CLIO integrates existing low-cost electronics, 3D printing, and open-source software to create kiosk hardware that museums can easily replicate, either in batches or one at a time, by following this guide.  Prototype kiosks were designed for mobility and offer a modular design that can be configured for integration into different environments, such as classrooms, cafeterias, libraries and community centers.  

Worldwide surveys of developers consistently show that scripting languages like JavaScript are the most commonly understood programming languages worldwide.  Museums are more likely to have staff familiar with web technologies than other forms of digital development tools, so we designed CLIO for museum professionals who have beginner’s experience or interest in web design and photo editing.

Toolkit Contents

The CLIO toolkit includes a web application interface, templates for interactive activities and the designs for our prototype kiosk, enabling institutions to rapidly replicate a usable prototype.  This manual will guide you through printing a prototype case, installing the required electronics and setting up the kiosk interface.  The getting started package, which can be downloaded from our website, contains:

• The CLIO Manual
  • Quick Start Guide
  • Interface usage guide
  • Program and Activity creation guide
• Templates for 13 interactive activity types
  • Configuration template files
  • Drafting template files
• A printable brochure for museum facilitators
• 3D printable files for the enclosure and mounting system
• A pre-configured Raspberry Pi SD card image to quickly replicate a kiosk

This manual also provides general tips and recommendations for getting CLIO installed using your own hardware and software.  The interface is designed to be hardware- and resolution-independent so that it can be used with many different electronics.  

Interface

When the kiosk is plugged in, it will automatically boot into “Facilitator Mode”, a graphical user interface that allows program facilitators to customize which “Activities” to display as part of their exhibition. Activities are collected into “Programs”, which can be loaded on-the-fly without the need to change hardware. Facilitators can preview the activities before selecting them to display as part of the exhibit.

Activity content is stored locally on the device, allowing the kiosk to be used across multiple exhibits without access to the internet.  After the desired Activities are selected, the kiosk can enter “Exhibit Mode”; an alternate graphical user interface that displays the selected Activities as a carousel to be navigated by users.

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Facilitator Mode

This graphical user interface allows facilitators to configure the exhibit kiosk, allowing for more control over how it is integrated into the pop-up environment.  Facilitators can always access the menu bar, which provides access to a collection of submenus aimed at improving accessibility and live facilitation.

Menu

Facilitator Mode always has a menu bar at the top of the screen that displays icons related to different core functionalities of the kiosk.  

Exhibit

View the currently selected Activities.  Resume the previously loaded activities, or select new ones using ‘Choose an Activity’.  After selecting activities, enter ‘Exhibit Mode’.

Facilitation

Provides facilitators with program information, such as goals, objectives,  and facilitation instructions.  Discussions provide quick reference information about questions they may be asked related to the program they are facilitating.

Activities

Preview activities by tapping on them and selecting them by hitting the + icon.    Facilitators can select which activities are visible in ‘Exhibit Mode’.  Activities can be sorted by activity type and intended audience.

Settings

Change the display brightness, customize the theme, choose which program is loaded and troubleshoot common problems.

Accessibility

Enable contrast modes and change text settings to improve readability.

Help

Provides quick reference information about getting the kiosk set up and into Exhibit Mode.

Exhibit Mode

After the desired Activities are selected, the facilitator can enter Exhibit Mode to temporarily disable further configuration of the kiosk. Exhibit Mode restricts kiosk users to Activities selected by the facilitator. By design, the kiosk must be fully restarted to return to Facilitator Mode.  The kiosk can also be configured to boot directly into Exhibit Mode using activities specified within a configuration file.

Exhibit Mode displays the Activities selected by the facilitator as a carousel that users can navigate. Tapping on an activity will open it full screen and the user can return home at any time to access other Activities. Additionally, the kiosk will automatically return home after an amount of time without interaction.

Potential Activity Types

Visual Thinking

This activity takes an image and poses topics about it.  Each topic can be expanded to provide answers, descriptions, or related information.

Rich Text

This activity type allows you to provide rich text about an Object, including images, image sets and links to other Activities.

Collections Objects

Pull up related objects at the museum that cannot physically be present.  This allows a brief description in the list, but the object can be opened in a modal screen with a longform rich text description.

Drag and Drop Questions

This activity allows you to drag and drop images onto their prospective descriptions.

Flash Cards

This activity allows you to create virtual flashcard with a title, description and question.

Discussions

Similar to the discussions that are available in Facilitator Mode, this activity could be used to provide kiosk users with prompts to promote discussion within their group or prompt a question to ask facilitators.

Memory

Click on cards to get a matching pair.  This could prompt a pop-up response on a correct match.

Review Game

Show an image or a text concept, allowing users to pick red, yellow or green.  Red is for information they don’t remember, yellow they remember a little and green is remember clearly.

Photo Match

After playing back audio, the kiosk user has to select an image that matches what was just described.

Word Match

Show a picture and a sentence with specified words removed.  The words to be shown as potential matches are shown down the bottom; all of these words don’t need to be used.  If the word is correct, the overlay turns green.

Image Highlights

The kiosk displays an image and a row of buttons along the bottom that can toggle various image overlays.  This could be used to highlight areas or properties of the image.

For example: overlaying different images to show how temperature has changed, water has risen, natural disasters, etc.

True or False Quiz

Provide an image and pose a question.  Allow the user to select ‘true’ or ‘false’, or ‘Yes’ or ‘No’.  Each answer can provide its own response, e.g. selecting ‘Yes’ will show a different screen than selecting ‘No’.

Multiple Choice Quiz

The user would be prompted with a question and a list of possible responses.  There is only one correct answer.  Correct and incorrect responses can have an information pop-up explaining the answer.

Charts and Graphs

This activity could render graphs, charts, and diagrams that can be interacted with or manipulated in real time.

Timeline

Scroll through years and see important points about them.  Each year can have it’s own image.

Timesheet

Similar to a timeline, this activity could show a scrollable timeline.  Users can scroll to view the overlapping periods of time between multiple different events.  For example, an activity could be created to show the start and end development dates of computer operating systems since the beginning of the information era.

Storyboard

This activity would allow users to horizontally scroll through blocks of rich text, similar to a storyboard designed to describe the progression of a story.

Maps

Using offline map data, this activity could create an interactable map with restricted boundaries and configurable points of interest.

Word Builder

Provide an image and letter tiles that can be rearranged to form a word.

Word Search

Find words within a grid of letters.

Progression

Provide users with tiles that can be rearranged into the correct sequence.  Correct and incorrect responses could have individualized responses.

3D Object Viewer

Render different 3D objects using STL files.

Compare Image

Overlays two images over each other with a slider to show each image individually.  Can include optional image headers and descriptions for both sides.

Play Video

Autoplay a video file.  This could be used for simple vector animation videos that demonstrate concepts without necessarily needing audio, e.g. an animation comparing different animals.

Image Gallery

Display a collection of images that can be scrolled through or played as a slideshow.  Each image can be opened fullscreen.

Annotated Image

Show an image with tooltips placed over it.  Clicking on a tooltip provides more information about that point in an overlay.